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Vulcanization of Natural Rubber

 

Natural rubber is a typical representative of a cross linking material. The increase of viscosity is measured using a special variant of a viscosimeter. Mostly an isothermal regime is applied. Displayed is the torque moment/dNm over time. The relative increase of torque moment is used as an indicator of degree of reaction.

The energy-plot, based on Friedman analysis, demonstrating that the activation energy in the central part of the reaction is nearly constant, exhibits a value of 155 kJ/mol.


From this picture it is visible that a first order reaction is able to describe the cross-linking reaction of natural rubber with a high fit quality.

The advantage of using Thermokinetics instead of simple routines based on the successive calculation of reaction rate and activation energy is that the error propagation is always included in the result and all measurement points are taken into account. Therefore the estimated standard errors are more confident.


Table: Results of Kinetic Analysis
 

Parameter

Value

Standard Dev.

lg A/s^-1

16.02

0.05

Activation Energy/(kJ/mol)

154.9

0.41

Correlation Coefficient

0.9987

 

 


NETZSCH offers precision thermal analysis instruments including advanced dilatometers (with a new basic R&D/QC dilatometer), classical DSC & TGA (with a new economical DSC), high temperature DSC to 1650°C for specific heat, very high temperature STA (TGA-DSC/DTA) to 2400°C (featuring the new STA 409-PC Luxx®), thermal / evolved gas analysis with fully-integrated FTIR & MS, plus high resolution TMA and DMA. We also feature leading technology for thermal conductivity and diffusivity measurement as well as refractories testing including HMOR, CIC, and RUL.

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Last update: 06/16/2008 , Copyright © 2000-2006 NETZSCH-Geraetebau GmbH